Inhaled Corticosteroids (ICS)

Respiratory

Mark this drug class

Examples

budesonidefluticasone

Prefix / Suffix: -sone / -ide

Physiology

Airway inflammation is a key feature of asthma. Corticosteroids reduce this inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness.

Mechanism of Action

They suppress inflammatory response in the airways, reducing swelling and mucus production.

Indications

Long-term asthma control
COPD (in combination therapy)

Side Effects / Adverse Effects

Oral candidiasis (local immune suppression)
Hoarseness (laryngeal irritation)
Throat irritation

Contraindications

Untreated respiratory infections (use cautiously)

Nursing Considerations

Rinse mouth after use (prevents oral candidiasis — a very common exam point)
Not for acute attacks (takes time to reduce inflammation)
Use regularly, even when asymptomatic (prevents exacerbations)
If using multiple inhalers, use bronchodilator first (opens airways for better steroid delivery)
Monitor for signs of infection (local immune suppression effect)

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Disclaimer: PharmPal Nurse is for education only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or make patient-care decisions; always verify with current drug references, your instructor, facility policy, and a licensed provider. In emergencies, call local emergency services.