Decongestants

Respiratory

Mark this drug class

Examples

pseudoephedrinephenylephrine

Prefix / Suffix: No consistent suffix

Physiology

Nasal congestion occurs due to vasodilation and swelling of nasal blood vessels.

Mechanism of Action

They stimulate alpha receptors, causing vasoconstriction in nasal mucosa.

Indications

Nasal congestion

Side Effects / Adverse Effects

Hypertension (vasoconstriction)
Tachycardia (sympathetic stimulation)
Insomnia (CNS stimulation)

Contraindications

Hypertension
Heart disease

Nursing Considerations

Monitor BP (can increase blood pressure)
Avoid use longer than 3–5 days for nasal sprays (rebound congestion — rhinitis medicamentosa)
Avoid in hypertensive patients (can worsen BP control)
Give earlier in the day (prevents insomnia)

Ask PharmPal Nurse

Your AI tutor for Decongestants

Ask me anything about this drug class.

Disclaimer: PharmPal Nurse is for education only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or make patient-care decisions; always verify with current drug references, your instructor, facility policy, and a licensed provider. In emergencies, call local emergency services.