Antispasmodics (Anticholinergics)

Gastrointestinal

Mark this drug class

Examples

dicyclominehyoscyamine

Prefix / Suffix: No consistent suffix

Physiology

GI smooth muscle contractions can cause cramping and pain in conditions like IBS. Acetylcholine drives these contractions.

Mechanism of Action

They block muscarinic receptors in the GI tract, reducing smooth muscle contractions and spasms.

Indications

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
GI cramping/spasms

Side Effects / Adverse Effects

Dry mouth (anticholinergic)
Blurred vision
Urinary retention
Constipation
Tachycardia
Confusion (elderly)

Contraindications

Narrow-angle glaucoma
Urinary retention
Bowel obstruction
Myasthenia gravis

Nursing Considerations

Give before meals (reduces postprandial cramping)
Monitor for anticholinergic side effects
Encourage fluids and fiber (counter constipation)
Use cautiously in elderly (confusion, falls)
Educate on dry mouth relief (sugar-free gum, sips of water)

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Disclaimer: PharmPal Nurse is for education only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or make patient-care decisions; always verify with current drug references, your instructor, facility policy, and a licensed provider. In emergencies, call local emergency services.