Antacids

Gastrointestinal

Mark this drug class

Examples

aluminum hydroxidemagnesium hydroxidecalcium carbonate

Prefix / Suffix: No consistent suffix

Physiology

Stomach acid contributes to heartburn and ulcer pain. Neutralizing acid provides quick symptom relief.

Mechanism of Action

They neutralize gastric acid by chemical reaction, raising stomach pH.

Indications

Heartburn
Mild GERD
Peptic ulcer (symptom relief)

Side Effects / Adverse Effects

Aluminum: constipation
Magnesium: diarrhea
Calcium: constipation, rebound acid hypersecretion
Electrolyte imbalance (long-term use)

Contraindications

Renal failure (risk of magnesium/aluminum accumulation)
Severe electrolyte disturbances

Nursing Considerations

Give 1–3 hours after meals and at bedtime (best symptom control)
Separate from other medications by 1–2 hours (binds and reduces absorption)
Monitor bowel patterns (constipation vs diarrhea depending on type)
Assess for symptom relief
Avoid in renal impairment (risk of toxicity)

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Disclaimer: PharmPal Nurse is for education only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or make patient-care decisions; always verify with current drug references, your instructor, facility policy, and a licensed provider. In emergencies, call local emergency services.