Alpha Blockers

Cardiovascular

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Examples

prazosindoxazosin

Prefix / Suffix: -zosin

Physiology

Alpha-1 receptors cause vasoconstriction. Blocking them leads to vasodilation and reduced blood pressure.

Mechanism of Action

They block alpha-1 receptors in blood vessels, causing decreased peripheral resistance.

Indications

Hypertension
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

Side Effects / Adverse Effects

Orthostatic hypotension (due to vasodilation)
Syncope (especially first dose)
Dizziness
Reflex tachycardia (compensatory response)

Contraindications

Severe hypotension

Nursing Considerations

Give first dose at bedtime (prevents first-dose syncope — a classic exam point)
Monitor orthostatic BP changes (high risk of postural hypotension)
Instruct patient to change positions slowly (reduces fall risk)
Assess for dizziness after first few doses (highest risk period)
In BPH: monitor improvement in urine flow (evaluates effectiveness)

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Disclaimer: PharmPal Nurse is for education only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or make patient-care decisions; always verify with current drug references, your instructor, facility policy, and a licensed provider. In emergencies, call local emergency services.