Aminoglycosides

Anti-Infectives

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Examples

gentamicintobramycinamikacinneomycin

Prefix / Suffix: -mycin / -micin

Physiology

Bacterial protein synthesis occurs at the 30S ribosomal subunit. Disruption halts bacterial growth.

Mechanism of Action

They bind the 30S ribosomal subunit, inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis (bactericidal).

Indications

Serious gram-negative infections
Sepsis
Complicated UTIs

Side Effects / Adverse Effects

Nephrotoxicity (kidney damage)
Ototoxicity (hearing loss, vertigo — may be irreversible)
Neuromuscular blockade

Contraindications

Pre-existing renal impairment
Pre-existing hearing loss
Myasthenia gravis

Nursing Considerations

Monitor peak and trough levels (narrow therapeutic range)
Monitor renal function — BUN, creatinine (nephrotoxicity)
Assess hearing and balance regularly (ototoxicity may be permanent)
Ensure adequate hydration (reduces nephrotoxicity)
Avoid combination with other nephrotoxic/ototoxic drugs (e.g., loop diuretics)

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Disclaimer: PharmPal Nurse is for education only and is not medical advice. Do not use it to diagnose, treat, prescribe, or make patient-care decisions; always verify with current drug references, your instructor, facility policy, and a licensed provider. In emergencies, call local emergency services.